Source record CMC Political Work Department · 2026-09-02

AT-3: An Anti-Tank Weapon That Stays "Evergreen" on the Battlefield

AT-3：战场“常青”的反坦克利器

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Desk	China Desk
Publishing institution	CMC Political Work Department
Source outlet	PLA Daily (解放军报) (pla_daily)
Source language	zh-Hans — an attribute of the source, not of this record
Source-stated publication date	2026-09-02
Original URL	http://www.81.cn/yw_208727/16482945.html
Collected at	2026-09-02 16:51:09 — collection metadata, not a publication time
Content fingerprint	515b83b6c5cd387e65317ab77aa39dd2539dc9ca88624df25b0c0e32de50de3e — taken when the record was captured, over the stored original title and text
Collection run	128
Analysis model	claude-sonnet-4-6
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AT-3：战场“常青”的反坦克利器 ■李子博 AT-3反坦克导弹。资料图片冷战兵器谱系中，苏联AT-3反坦克导弹并非尖端精密装备，却是重塑步兵反装甲作战格局的里程碑式武器。其在第四次中东战争一战成名，以低成本、高适配性的实战表现，印证了平价量产型武器也能对现代战场规则产生重要影响。 20世纪50年代末，随着反坦克导弹技术的发展，苏联军方意识到需要一种比当时装备的AT-1和AT-2更轻便、更适合步兵携带的武器系统。1961年7月，苏联军方命令位于科洛姆纳的KB托克马什设计局和图拉设计局开发一种可由单兵操作的便携式反坦克导弹。该项目代号为9M14“婴儿”，于1963年正式定型并投入量产。该导弹最初设计为车载型，安装在BRDM-1和BRDM-2装甲侦察车上，随后迅速开发出便携式版本，通过玻璃纤维手提箱进行运输和储存，展开后可在1分钟内完成发射准备。AT-3反坦克导弹于1965年5月9日在莫斯科红场阅兵式上首次公开亮相，由于其设计简单、易于生产，苏联在20世纪60至70年代的年产量曾达到2.5万枚，总产量超过30万枚。 AT-3反坦克导弹，基础型号体型小巧、操作便捷，改进型逐步提升破甲威力，足以有效毁伤20世纪六七十年代北约主流主战坦克。早期型号要求射手通过潜望镜同时观察目标和导弹，利用操纵杆手动控制导弹飞行轨迹，直至命中，这种方式对射手技术要求极高，且在夜间或能见度低时难以操作。后期改进型引入了红外跟踪和半自动系统，大大提高了命中率和操作便捷性。第四次中东战争中，AT-3反坦克导弹在现代陆战场上初露锋芒。战争初期，埃及、叙利亚军队大量部署该型导弹，依托预设伏击阵地打击以军装甲集群，有效削弱了以军装甲突击锐气，对战局初期态势产生明显影响。凭借优异的通用性与经济性，第四次中东战争后，AT-3反坦克导弹迅速风靡全球，苏联大批量对外出口，总产量达数十万枚，广泛装备华约、中东、非洲等诸多国家军队，频繁现身各类局部冲突，被誉为反坦克武器中的“AK-47”。我国自研的红箭-73反坦克导弹，也有借鉴该型导弹技术。随着军事技术迭代，苏军和后来的俄军陆续列装了更先进的AT-4、AT-5反坦克导弹，北约也更新了新一代半自动制导反坦克装备，但存量巨大、皮实耐用的AT-3改进型号，至今仍在多个国家的二线部队服役。纵观AT-3反坦克导弹60余年服役历程，虽存在诸多技术短板，却有着不可替代的价值——它跳出了高端精密武器的发展逻辑，以低成本、可量产、易普及的核心优势，改变了步兵与装甲部队的战场攻防态势，为现代陆战战术迭代、反坦克体系建设提供了重要借鉴。

Summary

Machine summary

The AT-3 (9M14 Malyutka), developed by KB Tochmash and the Tula Design Bureau from 1961 and mass-produced from 1963, reached annual Soviet output of 25,000 rounds and total production exceeding 300,000, with China's HJ-73 (Red Arrow-73) drawing directly on its technology. The article is a historical survey piece; its narrow value for this readership is as a record of how PLA-affiliated military media frames the AT-3's legacy — emphasizing low-cost mass production over precision as a battlefield equalizer — at a moment when that logic is visibly shaping debates about affordable attritable systems. Whether the framing reflects current PLA procurement thinking or is simply retrospective commentary the article does not establish.

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Source text. CMC Political Work Department. "AT-3：战场“常青”的反坦克利器." PLA Daily (解放军报), 2026-09-02. http://www.81.cn/yw_208727/16482945.html.

As held. Indo-Pacific Record, China Desk Corpus, Record 3780, Snapshot — 2026-09-02 (3,802 records).

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