Source record CMC Political Work Department · 2026-07-26

游泳护耳有讲究

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Desk	China Desk
Publishing institution	CMC Political Work Department
Source outlet	PLA Daily (解放军报) (pla_daily)
Source language	zh-Hans — an attribute of the source, not of this record
Source-stated publication date	2026-07-26
Original URL	http://www.81.cn/yw_208727/16475828.html
Collected at	2026-07-26 14:08:11 — collection metadata, not a publication time
Content fingerprint	f563fd8ce1c7486e0fd3097ebc415d7964d6b2c51b982b92a9def95c001b489a — taken when the record was captured, over the stored original title and text
Collection run	92

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游泳护耳有讲究 ■黄文捷于宁游泳训练期间，你是否有这样的经历：水灌入耳朵，闷堵感久久无法散去；训练归来，耳朵里像堵了团棉花，按着还有点疼；有时耳朵内还会瘙痒难耐……这不是简单的耳朵进水，很可能是细菌感染所致的耳部炎症。耳朵里负责传声音的“零件”一旦被细菌占领，耳朵就会胀、痛、听不清，严重的还会流出黄白色脓水。细菌是怎么进入耳朵的？有的战友训练时感觉水进入耳朵，上岸后习惯用棉签或指甲掏耳朵。外耳道皮肤很薄，一旦划伤就可能被病原菌侵入，诱发外耳道炎，出现流脓水、瘙痒等症状。如果不慎戳破鼓膜，等于给细菌开了“后门”，病原菌会进入鼓室诱发中耳炎。有的战友游泳呛水后会用力擤鼻涕，细菌、真菌就可能会顺着咽鼓管直接侵入鼓室，诱发中耳炎。如果训练结束后，感觉耳痒、耳痛，或者伴有耳闷、耳鸣、听力下降等耳部不适，就要引起注意了，很可能是病菌在悄悄侵入你的耳朵。游泳训练期间如何保护好耳朵？战友们可以记住下面这几条注意事项—— 防带病下水。如果你正在被感冒、鼻炎、鼓膜穿孔、外耳道炎困扰，有鼻子堵塞、流鼻涕、嗓子疼等症状，尽量不要下水。这个时候，咽鼓管功能降低，病菌极易进入中耳。有鼓膜穿孔史的战友进行游泳训练时，最好戴硅胶耳塞和泳帽。防猛擤鼻子。呛水后，有的战友会用两根手指同时捏紧鼻翼两侧用力猛擤。这是很危险的动作。此时，瞬间高压如同水枪一般，会把带菌的脏水直接“压”进中耳。正确做法是：按住一侧鼻孔，轻轻擤另一侧，交替进行；或者让水自然流出。防深潜急上浮。在潜水、跳水或快速上浮时，做吞咽、打哈欠、咀嚼动作可以帮助咽鼓管及时开放，平衡内外压力。如果感到耳内剧痛或闷胀，应立即停止下潜，缓慢上升，切忌硬扛。防耳道留污水。战友们上岸后，可以侧头单脚跳，让耳道里的水流出来，然后用干净棉签将外耳道轻轻蘸干；严禁深挖耳朵，否则极易戳伤外耳道皮肤及鼓膜，引发外耳道炎和中耳炎。鼓膜有旧伤或存在慢性中耳炎病史的战友，应严禁下水。万一中招了该怎么办？游泳训练过后，如果出现外耳道牵拉痛伴瘙痒流黄水症状，多半是患上了外耳道炎；若出现流脓流血、听力下降、发热、耳后红肿伴按压痛症状，则需警惕急性中耳炎。当出现上述症状时不要慌张，尽快请军医检查外耳道及鼓膜情况。急性外耳道炎一般需要局部使用抗生素滴耳液、保持耳道清洁、避免锐物挖耳，2~3天后即可缓解。若医生诊断为鼓膜小穿孔，多可自愈；若穿孔持续6周以上，伴反复流脓症状，则需进一步处理。化脓性中耳炎急性期患者，可外用非耳毒性滴耳液、鼻腔减充血剂滴鼻，来改善咽鼓管功能；病情较重或合并急性乳突炎的患者，则需遵医嘱进行手术治疗。耳朵虽小，关乎听指令、辨方位、保平衡。希望战友们熟知游泳训练护耳知识，彼此提醒，共同做好防护。

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Source text. CMC Political Work Department. "游泳护耳有讲究." PLA Daily (解放军报), 2026-07-26. http://www.81.cn/yw_208727/16475828.html.

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