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Source record CMC Political Work Department · 2026-07-05

高压氧疗面面观

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DeskChina Desk
Publishing institutionCMC Political Work Department
Source outletPLA Daily (解放军报) (pla_daily)
Source languagezh-Hans — an attribute of the source, not of this record
Source-stated publication date2026-07-05
Original URLhttp://www.81.cn/yw_208727/16471787.html
Collected at2026-07-05 14:16:08 — collection metadata, not a publication time
Content fingerprint2bfa6b01a9822cf7052388d9db2f2c4cdcb587ec6404f27e3da2f9686a649194 — taken when the record was captured, over the stored original title and text
Collection run78

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高压氧疗面面观 ■郭大志 潘树义 茅文宽 绘 对于身处常规海拔地区的我们来说,体内的血氧浓度一般都能维持稳态。然而,一旦出现急危重症或是面对极寒、高原、深海等特殊环境,这种稳态就容易被打破,随之而来的缺氧往往比伤病本身更致命。针对这个特殊“敌人”,现代医学有一种独特的治疗手段——高压氧治疗。在高压氧舱内,氧气成为被施加压力的“生命合剂”,能够在瞬间将血氧浓度提升至20倍以上,为急危重症救治提供有力支持。 很多人有这样的疑问:高压氧与普通吸氧有何不同?普通吸氧主要靠血液中的“快递小哥”(血红蛋白)携带氧气,但有时“快递小哥”跑不到身体一些末梢部位、血管不通畅的地方,氧气很难送达,就会造成缺氧损害。而高压氧疗法是把人送进一个能加压的高压氧舱内,将压力提升至2~3倍大气压,此时血液里直接溶解的氧气会大幅增多。简单来说,血浆本身变成了大容量“运氧船”,单靠血液中溶解的氧气,就能满足全身细胞正常运转的需求。这种高浓度氧气穿透力强,能顺利抵达因水肿、发炎而缺血的身体死角,还能帮助收缩血管,快速改善细胞缺氧状况。 面对一些急症,高压氧治疗比常规吸氧效果更好。例如,一氧化碳中毒是一种极致的缺氧伤害,一氧化碳会牢牢霸占血红蛋白,让血液彻底失去运氧能力。这种情况下,普通吸氧见效很慢,而高压氧可以快速把一氧化碳从血红蛋白上“挤走”,让血液重新恢复供氧功能,大幅降低患者留下神经系统后遗症的概率。严重颅脑战创伤伤员常因深度昏迷而面临意识障碍,运用高压氧治疗可以有效激发大脑神经元修复,降低颅脑水肿的发生率,甚至能产生神奇的“促醒”疗效。 随着现代军事医学的发展,高压氧治疗在特殊作业与作战场景中发挥着不可替代的作用。无论是潜水员上浮过快导致的减压病,还是飞行员遭遇高空环境变化引发的空气栓塞,都可以运用高压氧进行治疗。高压氧舱内可以通过巨大压力将伤员体内的致命气泡压小、压碎,使其随呼吸排出体外,最大程度恢复伤员健康。而且,新一代高低压多功能氧舱既能模拟海拔万米以上的高空低氧环境,也能模拟百米以下的深水高压环境,不仅可以用于疾病救治,还能用于航空兵和潜水员的缺氧耐力试验及岗位专项体检。 针对高原环境带来的缺氧问题,高压氧还能起到全程防护的作用,有效提升高原训练质效。高原驻训官兵长期处于低氧环境,易出现疲劳综合征、睡眠障碍及免疫紊乱等情况,其本质上是一种“隐性缺氧”。官兵进入高原前,可以通过系统高压氧治疗,提高机体抗氧化酶活性,增强耐缺氧能力,缓解上高原后可能出现的头痛、呼吸困难等症状。此外,长期驻守高原的官兵,定期采取间断式高压氧干预(压力约2个大气压),能加快身体代谢、缓解肌肉与神经疲劳,缩短训练后的疲惫时长,让身体更快恢复状态。 随着医学研究的不断深入,高压氧仍在不断拓展应用边界。在断肢再植与皮瓣移植领域,高压氧能极大提高移植存活率,是严重肢体毁损伤的重要救治手段;在慢性、难愈性辐射损伤和深部感染治疗中,高压氧强大的广谱抑菌作用与抗生素形成协同,成为许多细菌耐药性患者的希望……未来,随着智能化精准控氧技术的发展,高压氧将在急危重症救治、保障官兵健康中发挥更大作用。当然,高压氧治疗并非“包治百病”,必须严格掌握禁忌症。对于未经处理的气胸、活动性出血、严重肺大疱以及血压控制不利的重症高血压患者来说,高压环境存在安全风险,需要医务人员评估是否适用。

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Source text. CMC Political Work Department. "高压氧疗面面观." PLA Daily (解放军报), 2026-07-05. http://www.81.cn/yw_208727/16471787.html.

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