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Source record CMC Political Work Department · 2026-06-06

法纪课堂丨遇到借款不还该如何维权?需要把握这几个要点

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DeskChina Desk
Publishing institutionCMC Political Work Department
Source outletPLA Daily (解放军报) (pla_daily)
Source languagezh-Hans — an attribute of the source, not of this record
Source-stated publication date2026-06-06
Original URLhttp://www.81.cn/yw_208727/16465823.html
Collected at2026-06-06 14:16:45 — collection metadata, not a publication time
Content fingerprinte22718176b8f4675b6a9ed1f078f3fc17c18194290005129196e9a3fa7e4e993 — taken when the record was captured, over the stored original title and text
Collection run49

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借贷讲法规 好借才好还 ■李永武 官兵来信 前段时间,我接到老家亲戚电话,说家中有急事,向我借了2万元用于周转,对方给我写了欠条,还写明了还款日期,可到了还款日,他却百般推脱。请问遇到这种情况我该如何维权? ——某部战士小郭 专家解答 在基层部队,亲戚、朋友之间因购房、看病等事由提出借款请求的情况较为常见。出于情谊慷慨解囊后,一旦对方失信,不少官兵便陷入“要账伤感情、不要账心不甘”的纠结与困境。那么,借款给身边人要注意些什么?遇到借款不还,我们又该如何维权? 想要依法维权,需把握几个要点,可概括为“先审用途、再留凭证”。 审用途。出借前务必核实借款用途,以下几种情况坚决不能借:一是明知借款人将借款用于赌博、吸毒、传销等违法犯罪活动仍提供资金的,根据《最高人民法院关于审理民间借贷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》,该借贷合同无效,出借人不仅可能无法追回本金,还可能会因提供帮助而承担法律责任。二是对方以“内部高息回报”“稳赚不赔”等为诱饵集资借款,这类借款往往涉嫌非法集资或诈骗。三是对方已债台高筑、缺乏还款能力,又无可靠担保,这类借款风险极大。四是借款金额超出自身经济承受能力,借款可能导致个人或家庭正常生活受到严重影响。 留凭证。规范书写借条是有效维权的关键。一份完整的借条应包含:①标题“借条”,避免使用“欠条”“收条”等,以清晰表明借贷关系;②双方身份信息,写明出借人、借款人的姓名、身份证号、联系电话及住址;③借款用途;④借款金额,同时用阿拉伯数字和汉字大写书写,并注明币种;⑤交付方式,尽量通过银行转账、微信或支付宝等线上方式并备注“借款”,若现金交付,应在借条中写明“现金已当场付清”,并通过录音、录像或第三人见证等方式固定证据;⑥还款期限,写明还款日期,精确到年、月、日;⑦约定利息和逾期利息,明确利率标准;⑧签名与日期,借款人、出借人亲笔签名并按指印,注明借款日期。还要特别注意的是,应写明“今借到”而非“今借”,以表明款项已实际交付;如约定利息,应以合同成立时一年期贷款市场报价利率的4倍为限,超出部分不受法律保护,如未约定利息则视为无息。 不少官兵担心“借条会过期”,其本质是指诉讼时效期间经过的问题。民法典第188条规定,向人民法院请求保护民事权利的诉讼时效期间为三年,自权利人知道或者应当知道权利受到损害以及义务人之日起计算。具体区分两种情形:①若借条约定了还款日期,诉讼时效从还款期限届满之日起算,三年内出借人可以依法主张权利;②若借条没有约定还款日期,出借人可以随时要求借款人还款,但应给对方必要的准备时间,诉讼时效从宽限期届满之日起算;如果借款人在出借人第一次向其主张权利时明确表示不履行义务的,诉讼时效从借款人明确拒绝之日起算,三年内出借人可以依法主张权利。诉讼时效届满而出借人未主张权利的,可能丧失胜诉权。因此,官兵务必在诉讼时效期间内积极主张权利,如通过电话、短信、微信以及催告函等方式催要并保留记录,或者申请调解、向法院起诉,这些行为都可以导致诉讼时效中断并重新计算。 同时应注意,面对推诿拖延、拒不还款的借款人,官兵应始终保持理性,采取合法途径依法维护自身权益,切勿采取暴力催讨、骚扰恐吓、私自扣押对方财物等违法方式维权,否则自身将可能承担相应法律后果。 在此提醒广大官兵,亲友借款既要讲情义,更要守法规,必须时刻不忘绷紧法律这根弦。坚持出借前审慎衡量,出借时规范留证,出借后及时主张权利,遇到疑难问题,积极寻求法律途径解决,以法治方式守护自身合法权益。

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Source text. CMC Political Work Department. "法纪课堂丨遇到借款不还该如何维权?需要把握这几个要点." PLA Daily (解放军报), 2026-06-06. http://www.81.cn/yw_208727/16465823.html.

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